Design and Development of a Remote Electric Load Control System Based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for Energy Savings

Abstract

Unsupervised electricity usage can lead to energy waste and increased billing costs. To address this issue, a system capable of effectively monitoring and controlling electrical loads is needed. This study presents the design and development of a remote electrical load monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for energy savings, utilizing an ACS712 current sensor, a ZMPT101B voltage sensor, and a relay module as the main components. Load control is carried out via a Telegram application equipped with a cost estimation notification feature as well as overload alerts when the voltage exceeds 250 V or the current surpasses the predefined limit. Testing results show that the measurement accuracy reaches over 94% for voltage and 96% for current, with a total daily energy consumption of five devices amounting to 1.168 kWh and a cost of IDR 1,600.71. This system has proven capable of improving energy efficiency, minimizing waste, and simplifying the process of monitoring and controlling electrical loads.