Analisis Kinerja Tungku Biomassa Injeksi Uap Over Fire Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Kayu Cemara Gunung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61844/jemmtec.v5i02.1391Keywords:
biomassa, injeksi uap, efisiensi termal, emisi, tungku biomassaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja tungku biomassa dengan sistem injeksi uap over-fire menggunakan bahan bakar kayu cemara gunung melalui variasi volume air injeksi. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan tiga variasi volume air injeksi, yaitu 500 ml, 800 ml, dan 1200 ml. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi laju konsumsi bahan bakar, daya termal, konsumsi spesifik bahan bakar, efisiensi termal, serta emisi CO dan CO₂. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan volume air injeksi menurunkan laju konsumsi bahan bakar dan konsumsi spesifik bahan bakar, serta meningkatkan stabilitas pembakaran. Variasi 1200 ml menghasilkan kinerja terbaik dengan laju konsumsi bahan bakar sebesar 0,0012 kg/s, daya termal sebesar 32,977 kcal/s, dan efisiensi termal mencapai 51%. Dari sisi emisi, peningkatan volume air injeksi menghasilkan pola emisi CO yang lebih stabil dan peningkatan CO₂ yang konsisten, yang mengindikasikan pembakaran lebih sempurna. Meskipun daya termal menurun, redistribusi energi ke sistem injeksi uap berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan efisiensi keseluruhan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem injeksi uap berbasis energi internal berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas pembakaran pada tungku biomassa skala kecil.
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